Resolution Criteria

Amazon's FY2025 Scope 1 + Scope 2 (market-based) GHG emissions will be measured in metric tons CO₂e (Mt CO₂e). Resolution will be determined by Amazon's official Annual Report & Accounts for FY2025, with backup sources being the Climate Transition Report, CDP Climate Change response, and Bloomberg ESG dataset in that order.

Background

Amazon has committed to achieving net-zero carbon emissions across its operations by 2040 and has set interim targets including a commitment to reduce absolute greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2030 from a 2019 baseline. In 2024, Amazon reported Scope 1 emissions of approximately 15.1 billion kg CO₂e and Scope 2 emissions of approximately 2.8 billion kg CO₂e, totaling roughly 17.9 Mt CO₂e for combined Scope 1 + 2 emissions. Amazon's 2024 Sustainability Report revealed the company's direct emissions increased 6% over the prior year, with Scope 1 pollution having ballooned 162% since 2019.

Considerations

Scope 2 emissions are calculated using the market-based method, which accounts for renewable energy Amazon purchases, while Scope 1 includes direct emissions from operations such as the fuel used by Amazon's delivery fleet. 100% of electricity consumed by Amazon was matched with renewable energy sources in 2024, for the second consecutive year, which may influence Scope 2 calculations. The market-based methodology for Scope 2 can vary year-to-year based on renewable energy procurement and grid mix changes.